Lord Of The Flies Literary Analysis Essay - 1657 Words

William Golding’s intriguing novel, Lord of the Flies, is a tale like no other. It’s a story of perseverance, determination, survival, and emotion. Golding does a superb job displaying these traits and so many more throughout this story of fighting, not for your life, but to the death. The authors style is one unlike any other I’ve read. I love emotion. I’m not sure if it’s the way it makes me feel or how it can help me relate to the reading, but for some reason I love it. That’s why my favorite style displayed in Lord of the Flies was emotion. The tension between Ralph and Jack was so well written that I could feel it as I read. This ranged from various arguments that they would have regarding who is chief, to small bickering over little†¦show more content†¦He is a peace maker. He is a true trooper, even through the tough times. Jack is the opposite of Ralph. Instead of working toward good and helping each other out, the deserted island life gets to him and he becomes evil. He only wants to succeed and wants to wipe out anyone or anything that stands in his way. He reaches the level of complete insanity that he can’t even accept ideas other than his own in order to be rescued. Instead, he only fights with his personal goal in mind. Although he and Ralph are both determined people, they are each determined in very different ways. Jack is determined to not be a leader as much as to become a dictator, while Ralph wants to become a leader to keep the peace. Piggy is a sweet boy who was just in the wrong place at the wrong time. All he wants is to be rescued. He speaks his fears and his hopes. He represents everyone, in my opinion. His words reflect how everyone is feeling, even when they won’t say it themselves. Piggy admits that he’s terrified and afraid and that he wants to go home; and when your stranded on an island, that’s honestly all anyone can feel. The twins, Sam and Eric, become easily pressured. They chose survival over what is right in the end. They fear the â€Å"big dog† (aka Jack) and want to please him to be able to survive. They were faithful to Ralph and Piggy in the beginning, but then they went with Jack out of fear to survive. They represent all the people who getShow MoreRelatedLord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay709 Words   |  3 PagesGreed for Power In the novel Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, a group of English boys in their adolescence are stranded on an island. They crash-land while being evacuated because of an atomic war, so the boys must learn to cooperate with each other in order to survive. The boys are civil at first, but the bonds of civilization unfold as the rapacity for power and immediate desires become more important than civility and rescue. The conflict between Ralph, the protagonist, and Jack, the antagonistRead MoreEssay about Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis1283 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism is a very important factor in many books. The use of symbolism in William Golding’s novel The Lord of the Flies is the most essential aspect to the function of the story. At first glance you may not think the symbols are very important, but with some in-depth thought you can see how it is necessary to explain the microcosm of an island. The conch shell is the opening symbol in the novel and lasts roughly to the very end of the story. The conch is found by Ralph and Piggy, which they useRead MoreLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreNotes On Progressions And Regressions 974 Words   |  4 Pagesnoticed in my writing. The very first essay we had I scored fairly average for it being the first essay of the class. It had lacked many elements such as essay content, word choice, as well as grammar and mechanics. An example from that essay would be †Which holds the reader at the end of their seat† that was one of the many colloquialisms or in other words informal language usages I had in The Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis essay. Where in the most recent essay I only had minor issues such as grammarRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English classRead MoreArchetype Analysis of Lord of the Flies2467 Words   |  10 Pageshis first writing Lord of the Flies, in which symbolism is wildly used and attributes lots of symbolic meanings to the characters and events. The story thus becomes vivid and profound. This paper aims at using Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung’s collective unconscious and archetypal theories to interpret the archetypes of characters, natural scenes and themes. Key words: symbolism, Lord of the Flies, collective unconscious, archetypal theory 0. Introduction Lord of the Flies is the masterpieceRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pages AP Literary and Rhetorical Terms 1. 2. alliteration- Used for poetic effect, a repetition of the initial sounds of several words in a group. The following line from Robert Frosts poem Acquainted with the Night provides us with an example of alliteration,: I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet. The repetition of the s sound creates a sense of quiet, reinforcing the meaning of the line 3. allegory – Where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolicRead MoreEssay Writing9260 Words   |  38 PagesThe Essay Writing Process In Greek legend, the goddess of wisdom, Athena, was born fully armed from the head of Zeus. Unfortunately, this is the only recorded instance of instant wisdom. Especially in the medium of the written word, the communication of complex ideas is a process—a process that requires thinking and rethinking, working and reworking. The student who claims to have dashed off an A essay at one in the morning the night before it was due is either a liar or a genius. ThisRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1819 Words   |  8 PagesMost of the time, the smallest detail yields the biggest impact. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, Golding’s inclusion of minute details helps to strongly communicate his theme of man’s innate darkness. On the other hand, Peter Brook’s film, Lord of the Flies, lacks some of the details required to convey Golding’s message properly. Because the novel includes the necessary details to convey the idea of mankind’s inner darkness and violence, the novel conveys Golding’s theme more effectivelyRead More African American Culture through Oral Tradition Essays3405 Words   |  14 PagesAfrican American Culture through Oral Tradition African American folktales have origins rooted in West African literary and cultural forms of expression. When Africans were taken from their homeland and brought to America as slaves, they also brought with them their individual cultures, languages and customs. However, their white slaveholders suppressed this part of their heritage in them. Thus they had to find other ways of expression, mainly story telling and songs. It is incredible to see how

The Great Escape Harriet Tubman Essay - 1027 Words

â€Å"Harriet Tubman, Henry Bibb, Anthony Burns, Addison White, Josiah Henson and John Parker -†(â€Å"Underground Railroad: A Pathway to Freedom† 1) . These were all well known individuals who escaped slavery using the Underground Railroad. Beginning in the late 1700’s, many lives were at risk all for the sake of their freedom. The Underground Railroad was not only a secret system that was used to help fugitive slaves gain their freedom, but it was an opportunity for a better life. Although the Railroad had its advantages, it also had many downfalls. The life of slavery had taken a large toll on many lives, so they had to find a way to the north for a better chance of survival. At the time, by escaping to the north, slaves would be considered†¦show more content†¦After 1850, most escaping slaves traveled all the way to Canada [to ensure that] they would be safe. The reason was that the United States Congress passed a law in 1850 called The Fugitive Sla ve Act.† ( â€Å"Pathways to Freedom : Maryland the Underground Railroad† 8). With the Fugitive Slave Acts put into effect, runaway slaves would have to travel through the routes that lead to Canada, Mexico, or even the Caribbean in order to be granted their freedom and safety. Although the use of the Underground Railroad had many advantages, it also shared a number of disadvantages. During the late 1700’s, many runaway slaves risked their lives and safety when taking the option of using the Underground Railroad system. Not only was it a dangerous journey for themselves, but also for the conductor who lead them to freedom. If the fugitives were caught, they were returned to the plantations and faced many consequences, but consequences for the conductors most times lead to death. When taking the risk of being possibly captured, runaway slaves would have done anything for their freedom, even if it put their health and well-being into jeopardy. In most cases, many slaves would die due to starvation or hypothermia during the dangerous journey in harsh conditions. Along withShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, And Patrisse Cullors1500 Words   |  6 Pagesrights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. Nelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, and Patrisse Cullors all share one common trait: civil rights and protecting the freedom of others. Nelson Mandela fought for freedom against the apartheid in South Africa, and was a philanthropist who served as President in South Africa. Harriet Tubman was abolitionist, armed scout and spy, who helped hundreds of slaves escape through the Underground Railroad during the Civil War. Patrisse Cullors is anRead MoreHarriet Tubman And The Underground Railroad1097 Words   |  5 Pagesor death; if I could not have one, I would have the other.† (Background Essay) Harriet Tubman was born Araminta Ross in 1822 in Dorchester, Maryland. She was born a slave and would be, until she ran away in 1849. After she ran away she did many great deeds, but how do you define greatness. Based off the length of time, risk, and number of people helped, there is a clear outline for greatness. Harriet Tubman had many great achievements throughout her life. She was a spy, a nurse, and a caregiver. HoweverRead MoreHarriet Tubman1168 Words   |  5 PagesHarriet Ross Tubman was an African American who escaped slavery and then showed runaway slaves the way to freedom in the North for longer than a decade before the American Civil War. During the war she was as a scout, spy, and nurse for the United States Army. After that she kept working for rights for blacks and women. br brHarriet Tubman was originally named Araminta Ross. She was one of 11 children born to Harriet Greene and Benjamin Ross on a plantation in Dorchester County, Maryland. SheRead MoreHarriet Tubm The Most Influential Women Of All Time1609 Words   |  7 Pagespeople are capable of defying the rolls of society but that did not stop Harriet Tubman. Not only was Tubman the bravest woman in history, she was an African American slave who overcame adversity. Tubman escaped and not only made a better life for herself, but made a difference in hundreds of other African Americans lives. Tubman risked her own safety and freedom to help other African American’s reach their freedom. Tubman taught us that no matter who you are, where you come from, or what you lookRead MoreHarriet Ross Tubman s Underground Railroad1462 Words   |  6 PagesHarriet Ross Tubman The Underground Railroad Harriet Ross Tubman was a spiritual woman who lived her ideals and dedicated her life to ending slavery. While Harriet s efforts placed her in great peril, her integrity and commitment inspired others to assist in rescuing countless slaves during the Civil War. The woman known as Harriet Ross Tubman was born into slavery in 1825, in Dorchester County, Maryland. She was born as Araminta Ross, and nicknamed â€Å"Minty† by her parents. Harriet wouldRead MoreThe Life Of A Woman Harriet Tubman1404 Words   |  6 Pages This book will create an image of a woman Harriet Tubman, who was compared to the biblical Moses as she was determined to get her people out of bondage and onto freedom seen as their promised land. Reading the book will no doubt create a level of pain within the reader as he/she feels the pain that not only Harriet Tubman suffered but also those who suffered and died in the quest from slavery to freedom. This small yet powerful book of 22 chapters, takes us as passengers on this fictitiousRead MoreHarriet Tubman s Impact On America1011 Words   |  5 PagesCalkins Mrs. Dyer Honors English I 30 October 2015 Harriet Tubman s Impact on America Many people throughout history have had an impact on America today. During the civil rights era, a long list of people took part in actions that shaped America s ideas of slavery and racism. Harriet Tubman was one of those people and her actions had a huge impact on the U.S. She contributed to the abolishment by leading thousands of slaves to freedom. Harriet Tubman was a Civil Rights rebel who was born into slaveryRead MoreHarriet Tubman Bibliography Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesHarriet Tubman had a saying: â€Å"Never wound a snake; kill it.† What does this mean to you? It means that you should not let something evil live, but destroy it, and make a way for others. She was always doubted, but Harriet Tubman was willing to risk her life and save other slaves from abusive masters. Harriet Tubman was born in the year 1820 in Dorchester County, Maryland. Her parents were Harriet Green and Ben Ross. She is known by the name Harriet Tubman, but her real name was Araminta RossRead MoreHarriet Tubman And The Underground Railroad1695 Words   |  7 PagesHarriet Tubman’s success in freeing hundreds of slaves through the Underground Railroad is recognized throughout the world. As an escaped slave herself, she still traveled to the southern states many times to free other slaves. A normal fugitive slave would not put themselves in danger and risk imprisonment, but Harriet Tubman did. Although Harriet Tubman is very popular and every school teaches her life story, not many realize that she had a spy ring and had enormous influence on the Union duringRead MoreCivil Rights And Nelson Mandela1375 Words   |  6 Pagesrights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. Nelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, and Patrisse Cullors all share one common trait: civil rights and protecting the freedom of others. Nelson Mandela fought for freedom against the apartheid in South Africa, and was a philanthropist who served as President in South Africa. Harriet Tubman was abolitionist, armed scout and spy, who helped hundreds of slaves escape through the Underground Railroad during the Civil War. Patrisse Cullors is an

Essay On The Alamo Example For Students

Essay On The Alamo Originally named Mision San Antonio de Valero, the Alamo served as home to missionaries and their Indian converts for nearly seventy years. Construction began on the present site in 1724. In 1793, Spanish officials sectioned off San Antonios five missions and distributed their lands to the remaining Indian residents. These men and women continued to farm the fields once the missions but now their own and participated in the growing community of San Antonio. In the early 1800s, the Spanish military stationed a cavalry unit at the former mission. The soldiers referred to the old mission as the Alamo (the Spanish word for cottonwood) in honor of their hometown Alamo de Parras, Coahuila. The posts commander established the first recorded hospital in Texas in the Long Barrack. The Alamo was home to both Revolutionaries and Royalists during Mexicos ten-year struggle for independence. The military Spanish, Rebel, and then Mexican continued to occupy the Alamo until the Texas Revolution. San Antonio and the Alamo played a critical role in the Texas Revolution. In December 1835, Ben Milam led Texian and Tejano volunteers against Mexican troops quartered in the city. After five days of house-to-house fighting, they forced General Marin Perfecto de Cos and his soldiers to surrender. The victorious volunteers then occupied the Alamo already fortified prior to the battle by Cos men and strengthened its defenses. On February 23, 1836, the arrival of General Antonio Lopez de Santa Annas army outside San Antonio nearly caught them by surprise. Undaunted, the Texians and Tejanos prepared to defend the Alamo together. The defenders held out for 13 days against Santa Annas army. William B. Travis, the commander of the Alamo sent forth couriers carrying pleas for help to communities in Texas. On the eighth day of the siege, a band of 32 volunteers from Gonzales arrived, bringing the number of defenders to nearly two hundred. Legend holds that with the possibility of additional hel p fading, Colonel Travis drew a line on the ground and asked any man willing to stay and fight to step over all except one did. As the defenders saw it, the Alamo was the key to the defense of Texas, and they were ready to give their lives rather than surrender their position to General Santa Anna. Among the Alamos garrison were Jim Bowie, renowned knife fighter, and David Crockett, famed frontiersman and former congressman from Tennessee. The final assault came before daybreak on the morning of March 6, 1836, as columns of Mexican soldiers emerged from the predawn darkness and headed for the Alamos walls. Cannon and small arms fire from inside the Alamo beat back several attacks. Regrouping, the Mexicans scaled the walls and rushed into the compound. Once inside, they turned captured cannon on the Long Barrack and church, blasting open the barricaded doors. The desperate struggle continued until the defenders were overwhelmed. By sunrise, the battle had ended and Santa Anna entered the Alamo compound to survey the scene of his victory. While the facts surrounding the siege of the Alamo continue to be debated, there is no doubt about what the battle has come to symbolize. People worldwide continue to remember the Alamo as a heroic struggle against overwhelming odds a place where men made the ultimate sacrifice for freedom. For this reason the Alamo remains hallowed ground and the Shrine of Texas Liberty. Category: History

Barilla Spa Case Study Analysis Essay Example For Students

Barilla Spa Case Study Analysis Essay Barilla SpA (A) Case Study Analysis 2 Diagnose the underlying causes of the difficulties that the JITD program was created to solve. What are the benefits and drawback of this program? Brando Vitali, Barilla’s director of logistics, proposed the idea of Just-In-Time Distribution (JITD) in the 1980’s as an alternative to Barilla’s traditional practice of delivering products to their distributors (Hammond, 1). Instead of distributing Barilla’s products based on the orders the distributors placed with the company, Barilla’s own logistics organization would determine the product quantities to distribute that would most effectively meet end-consumers needs. This in turn, would more evenly distribute the workload on Barilla’s manufacturing and logistics systems (Hammond, 1). Vitali hoped his innovative idea would solve the tremendous fluctuation that occurred from week to week in the number of Barilla dry products being ordered by the distributors. The extreme demand variability seriously strained Barilla’s manufacturing and logistics operations. Barilla’s highly automated manufacturing system was not designed to accommodate large fluctuations in demand nor, was it designed to accommodate sudden changes in demand or product. The manufacturing sequences of pasta production made it very difficult to produce particular types of pasta that had been sold out due to unexpectedly high demand. The temperature and humidity in the kiln had to be precisely specified for each size and shape of pasta and had to be tightly controlled to ensure that quality was maintained (Hammond, 3). This procedure limited the ability to rapidly shift production between different pastas. Different sizes of pasta were also made in different plants based on the variety of equipment required for pasta production (Hammond, 3). This limited Barilla’s production flexibility to shift plant locations as needed to meet product demand. The JITD program was also created to address the amount of inventory being held at Barilla’s Central Distribution Centers (CDC’s), their Grande Distribuzione (GD’s), their Distribuzione Organizzata (DO’s), and their retailers. Some distributor’s inventory levels were so low that they were experiencing high-stock out rates when attempting to fill retailer orders (Hammond, 7). Other distributors and retailers were carrying too much inventory. Barilla felt their customers were realizing that they didn’t have enough room in their stores or warehouses to carry the large inventories Barilla wanted them too (Hammond, 8). On the other hand, the distributors felt that they were being pressured to increase the inventory levels they had already stocked and to add items they didn’t carry to their product offerings (Hammond, 8). The JITD program would look at all the distributor’s shipment data and send only what was needed to the stores (Hammond, 8). This would eliminate Barilla scrambling to meet demand swings from the distributor. It would also improve operations for Barilla and their customers. Barilla would be able to ship products as needed, rather than build huge stocks in their facilities (Hammond, 8). Finally, holding sufficient finished goods inventories at Barilla’s CDC’s to meet distributors order requirements, was extremely expensive when weekly demand fluctuated so much and was so difficult to predict. Production sequencing based on type (and size of facility), made it cost prohibitive to change-over product runs or mix multiple types. Flexible scheduling based on orders from distributors could not be achieved. Vitali’s position on the JITD program was that it would save manufacturers and retailers money due to thinning margins by taking costs out of the distribution channel without compromising service. Barilla would use forecasting systems and analytical tools to determine product quantities in a sensible and logical manner. They would look at data provided by the distributors and make decisions based on their forecasts (Hammond, 8). Their process would be very similar to using point-of-sale data from retailers. Barilla’s forecasting would need to include predicting sales for individual products within each line, calculating equipment and labor requirements to meet product line forecasts, and projecting labor and equipment availabilities over the planning horizon (Jacobs Chase, 48-49). 3 Benefits to the JITD program include delivering only what was needed to the distributors to avoid large inventories, limiting the variation in order swings from week to week for dry products, and improving operations to determine quantities and delivery schedules. If Barilla didn’t have to respond to volatile demand patterns from their distributors, they could reduce distribution costs, inventory levels, and ultimately manufacturing costs. They could respond to the ultimate demand (from the end-consumer), by using the consumers input to produce orders (Hammond, 8). Barilla’s replenishment decisions would be based on forecasts created from actual daily demand from each distributor. In the end, the distributor’s cost would be lowered because they wouldn’t need to carry as much inventory (they would only receive what they needed to supply their retailers from the manufacturers) and Barilla’s strain on their logistics and manufacturing processes would decrease. The JITD program would also allow distributors and retailers to carry more variety with fewer inventories. The JITD program would limit Barilla’s ability to run frequent, and expected, trade promotions to push products into their grocery distribution network (Hammond, 6). They would no longer be able to run traditional canvass periods (times when distributors could buy as much product as desired to meet current and future needs) and would need to eliminate volume discounts. Elimination of the â€Å"canvass† periods would discourage sales representatives who used these periods to sell more products to distributors to achieve sales targets (Hammond, 6). The volume discounts that were offered to the distributors for truck load quantities and multiple truck load purchases of pasta would also cease to exist with the JITD program. The entire relationship between the sales representatives and distributors appears to weaken with the JITD program, as the sales representatives lose their traditional areas of influence and the ability for distributors to control their inventory is taken away. The JITD program is a shortsighted view of a â€Å"push† model based on point-of-sale demand (i. e. pull† from the end consumer). In other words, even though the end-customer demand would be used to generate production quantities, the demand would not be pulled from the downstream process, i. e. the distribution centers. The program would completely cut-out the distributers needs and the majority of the distributors and supermarkets did not have the infrastructure to realize Barilla’s vision. Most grocers in Italy weren’t equi pped with the necessary bar-code scanners and computer linkages to provide actual retail sell–through data to Barilla. On the other hand, Barilla wasn’t prepared to invest in their vision to the degree they needed to in order to succeed with the JITD program. An overwhelming opposition between Barilla and its distributors continued for over two years. By replacing Vitali with Giorgio Maggiali in 1988, Barilla appeared to have a better chance of getting the distributors to buy-in to the proposed JITD program, based on Maggiali’s hands-on methods (Hammond, 9). What conflicts or barriers internal to Barilla does the JITD program create? What causes these conflicts? As Giorgio Maggiali, how would you deal with these? Barilla’s sales and marketing organizations viewed the JITD program as infeasible and dangerous (Hammond, 1). Its marketing and sales strategy was based on a combination of advertising and promotions (Hammond, 5). This strategy could be eliminated with the JITD program. The sales and marketing organizations were very vocal in expressing their opposition to the plan and how it could adversely affect their departments (Hammond, 9). Holistic and interconnectedTherefore, the manufacturing to support the JITD program would take an extreme effort at redesigning their production methods, schedules and learning how to be more agile, more flexible and lean. Pasta production is very different from a Toyota plant that makes five models and can shift, based on demand (i. e. Camry to Prius). Once Barilla possesses the demand data from their distributors, they could adjust manufacturing to meet actual demand, and not just the â€Å"wild swings† that were occurring. Changes in Barilla’s manufacturing process are critical for an effective JITD program. The customers to focus on next to promote the JITD program are the independent retailers supplied from Barillas own warehouses and the retailers served by the distributors who had not signed onto the program. Barilla’s internally-owned regional warehouses distribute 35% of their products to small independent shops (Hammond, 5). Focusing on this segment could provide the opportunity for Barilla to collect the usage/demand data they need directly from the retailers. They could convince the 6 independent retailers of the value in the JITD program when they ordered new equipment. These retailers would become more committed to Barilla when they realized their orders would flow more efficiently and save them money on in-store inventory. It would also be beneficial to provide these retailers with handheld computers so their orders would go directly to the distributor or Barilla warehouse (thus allowing Barilla to obtain near real-time usage data). The independent supermarkets served by the DOs are an excellent place to collect data, while at the same time convincing them of the JITD program benefits. Sales representatives spent 90% of their time working at the store level setting-up in store promotions, discussing products and strategy with store management, and inputting distributor orders (Hammond, 6). The sales representatives could also visit the GD’s that distributed products to supermarket chains. The GD’s were rarely visited by the sales force yet, could be valuable for buy-in to the program. By reaching out to the DO’s and GD’s, Barilla could gather the data they need to better assist the distributors in serving their customers. Barilla could also demonstrate to the distributors how the JITD program would work and save them money. Barilla and their stakeholders would benefit greatly from analyzing the sales data and decomposing it using least squares regression to help normalize the seasonal and trend factors attributable to the severe fluctuations. This would each stakeholder at every stage in the value chain to schedule for those causal relationships and better absorb the demand (Jacobs and Chase, 318-319). After convincing the in-house sales team that the JITD program was worth trying, Barilla should focus on convincing the outside companies that the program would work for them. This step is critical, as this is where the opposition to the JITD program stems from. Barilla’s sales force was opposed to the program and sabotaged the program with distributors buyers. The buyers, in turn appeared to sabotage the logistics departments. It’s important to obtain buy-in to the JITD program from the entire team. The sales force needed to understand that the JITD program could be promoted as a selling tool and not a threat to their sales. It provided an additional service offered by Barilla at no additional cost. Distributors also would benefit by realizing that the JITD program would eliminate the need for faster delivery because merchandise would be delivered as desired just-in-time. There would be no need for them to place an order and with a week or more of delay before it to be delivered. The program could decrease their inventories and improve their delivery rate to their stores. If Barilla could gather demand data directly from retailers, they could use that data to better level their production schedule by adjusting inputs appropriately and ultimately being able to better demonstrate to customers that JITD program was feasible (Jacobs Chase 371-371). Likewise having robust end-customer demand data Barilla could determine whether a fixed-order quantity and/or a fixed-time quantity would be viable as a function of sales to establish more accurate and responsive inventory controls (Jacobs Chase, 388). In the event that the sales force and distributors continue to be opposed to the JITD program, we suggest that Barilla turn its attention to improving their manufacturing operation. Barilla’s manufacturing operation needs to gain more flexibility to allow it to react more quickly to meet the changes in demand. The system needs to adjust to the JITD program by manufacturing to meet that demand without building up large inventories (which is what they are trying to avoid). Barilla can’t promise their distributors that they could save money by carrying less unnecessary inventory unless they can prove that their manufacturing processes have changed to meet fluctuations in demand. They have overinvested in making their facilities efficient at producing like types and sizes of pasta, which made it cost and schedule prohibitive for them to changeover production runs to meet variations in demand. Barilla could benefit from implementing several key aspects discussed in our textbook with regards to creating lean manufacturing processes. They could use value-stream mapping to assist them to fully understand their production processes, material flows, and information flows (Jacobs Chase, 278). They could eliminate unnecessary activities in their processes, recognize their physical factory 7 constraints, work with their retailers and distributors to understand their needs, and truly develop a cooperative association with their customers over the long term so everyone could mutually benefit (Jacobs Chase, 291). Inviting Barilla’s distributors into their factories to view first-hand the operations taking place would assist in building a staple relationship between the distributors and manufacturer. The JITD program is definitely reasonable with proof of changes in Barilla’s manufacturing process and buy-in from all levels of retailers, marketing, sales, and distributors. These divisions of Barilla’s value chain ARE their customers. They need included as equitably as possible in balancing their system to respond to fluctuating demand. Barilla could not rely solely on trying to push a strategy through â€Å"grass roots† efforts by visiting their customers individually and hoping to convince them of the JITD program benefits. This approach was clearly not working. Barilla needed to restructure the JITD program to include the needs of every â€Å"customer† in the system as best possible. Perhaps working with on a pilot scale initially to entice other stakeholders in the value chain would be the most effective strategy to establish the sense of buy-in the program absolutely depended on to be a success. References Hammond, J. H. (2006). Barilla SpA (A). Harvard Business Review. Jacobs, R. , and Chase, B. (2008). Operations and Supply Management The Core. McGraw-Hill, Irwin.